An Immuno-Cardiac Model for Macrophage-Mediated Inflammation in COVID-19 Hearts.

TitleAn Immuno-Cardiac Model for Macrophage-Mediated Inflammation in COVID-19 Hearts.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2021
AuthorsYang L, Han Y, Jaffré F, Nilsson-Payant BE, Bram Y, Wang P, Zhu J, Zhang T, Redmond D, Houghton S, Uhl S, Borczuk A, Huang Y, Richardson C, Chandar V, Acklin JA, Lim JK, Xiang J, Ho DD, tenOever BR, Schwartz RE, Evans T, Chen Z, Chen S
JournalCirc Res
Date Published2021 Apr 15
ISSN1524-4571
Abstract

While respiratory failure is a frequent and clinically significant outcome of COVID-19, cardiac complications are a common feature in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and are associated with worse patient outcomes. The cause of cardiac injury in COVID-19 patients is not yet known. Case reports of COVID-19 autopsy heart samples have demonstrated abnormal inflammatory infiltration of macrophages in heart tissues. Generate an immuno-cardiac co-culture platform to model macrophage-mediated hyper-inflammation in COVID-19 hearts and screen for drugs that can block the macrophage-mediated inflammation. We systematically compared autopsy samples from non-COVID-19 donors and COVID-19 patients using RNA-seq and immunohistochemistry. We observed strikingly increased expression levels of CCL2 as well as macrophage infiltration in heart tissues of COVID-19 patients. We generated an immuno-cardiac co-culture platform containing human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) and macrophages. We found that macrophages induce increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis in CMs by secreting IL-6 and TNF-α after SARS-CoV-2 exposure. Using this immuno-cardiac co-culture platform, we performed a high content screen and identified ranolazine and tofacitinib as compounds that protect CMs from macrophage-induced cardiotoxicity. We established an immuno-host co-culture system to study macrophage-induced host cell damage following SARS-CoV-2 infection and identified FDA-approved drug candidates that alleviate the macrophage-mediated hyper-inflammation and cellular injury.

DOI10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.121.319060
Alternate JournalCirc Res
PubMed ID33853355