An Immuno-Cardiac Model for Macrophage-Mediated Inflammation in COVID-19 Hearts.

TitleAn Immuno-Cardiac Model for Macrophage-Mediated Inflammation in COVID-19 Hearts.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2021
AuthorsYang, L, Han, Y, Jaffré, F, Nilsson-Payant, BE, Bram, Y, Wang, P, Zhu, J, Zhang, T, Redmond, D, Houghton, S, Uhl, S, Borczuk, A, Huang, Y, Richardson, C, Chandar, V, Acklin, JA, Lim, JK, Xiang, J, Ho, DD, tenOever, BR, Schwartz, RE, Evans, T, Chen, Z, Chen, S
JournalCirc Res
Date Published2021 Apr 15
ISSN1524-4571
Abstract

While respiratory failure is a frequent and clinically significant outcome of COVID-19, cardiac complications are a common feature in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and are associated with worse patient outcomes. The cause of cardiac injury in COVID-19 patients is not yet known. Case reports of COVID-19 autopsy heart samples have demonstrated abnormal inflammatory infiltration of macrophages in heart tissues. Generate an immuno-cardiac co-culture platform to model macrophage-mediated hyper-inflammation in COVID-19 hearts and screen for drugs that can block the macrophage-mediated inflammation. We systematically compared autopsy samples from non-COVID-19 donors and COVID-19 patients using RNA-seq and immunohistochemistry. We observed strikingly increased expression levels of CCL2 as well as macrophage infiltration in heart tissues of COVID-19 patients. We generated an immuno-cardiac co-culture platform containing human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) and macrophages. We found that macrophages induce increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis in CMs by secreting IL-6 and TNF-α after SARS-CoV-2 exposure. Using this immuno-cardiac co-culture platform, we performed a high content screen and identified ranolazine and tofacitinib as compounds that protect CMs from macrophage-induced cardiotoxicity. We established an immuno-host co-culture system to study macrophage-induced host cell damage following SARS-CoV-2 infection and identified FDA-approved drug candidates that alleviate the macrophage-mediated hyper-inflammation and cellular injury.

DOI10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.121.319060
Alternate JournalCirc Res
PubMed ID33853355